Judicial independence and justice
By Lim Sue Goan, Mysinchew
Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Razak’s recent visit to the Palace of Justice has triggered a dispute as some claimed that the visit could jeopardise the independence of the judiciary. However, I am more interested in the remarks made by retiring Chief Justice Tun Zaki Tun Azmi.
He said that the government had allocated RM130 million to upgrade court facilities and it was normal for the Prime Minister to see how the money was spent. Also, the more people the more transparent it was and there was nothing to be kept in the dark. It would not affect judges’ independent judgement.
The judiciary needs money to operate and the bill is paid by the government. Then how could we be sure that the judiciary would not lose its independence for government funding?
Judiciary independence is a universal value. According to the Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary adopted by the Seventh United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders held in Milan from 26 August to 6 September 1985, “it is the duty of each Member State to provide adequate resources to enable the judiciary to properly perform its functions”.
Most countries and regions such as the US, Germany, Japan, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, separated the expenses of the judiciary and included it in the central budget. Many countries also have a court expense budget which is planned by a court expense budget committee formed by courts or judges. There are also judges participate in a court expense budget team and the Finance Ministry has no right to delete or seize a court expense budget and funding.
In China, the judiciary is managed by local governments and naturally, the judiciary tends to safeguard the interests of local authorities, resulting in a miscarriage of justice and public resentment.
Most democratic countries and regions are very strict in the appointment of judges. According to the US Constitution, federal judges are appointed by the President of the US and confirmed by a simple majority vote of the Senate.
According to the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 of the United Kingdom, the Judicial Appointments Commission is responsible for the appointment of judges. The independent commission is formed by multi-commissioners and chaired by a lay member.
According to the Hong Kong Basic Law, judges are appointed by the Chief Executive on the recommendation of the Judicial Officers Recommendation Commission. The commission is an independent statutory body composed of the Secretary for Justice, judges, persons from the legal profession and eminent persons from other sectors.
Many countries and regions are having many tedious work to ensure judicial independence and maintain the prestige of the judiciary, as well as the democratic institution.
